By | May 26, 2021
Emergency Rooms

Today my Best Topic is ” Emergency Room and Emergency Department – Planning, Design & Analysis (Phase-1)”. This is the first case study analysis for a hospital Emergency Room Depart. This case study will be about the Emergency Room Department “ED”. In the first part, we will have a general brief overview of an Emergency Room Department’s planning and design.

This part includes a talk about an emergency room depart, stakeholders, inter-functional program, intra-functional program, different ED rooms (e.g. treatment, exam, trauma, psychiatric, and other rooms), different ED topologies, and trauma center levels.

A Real example of Mary Greeley Medical Center (Emergency Room Department)

 Finally, we have a tour video for the emergency room depart of the Mary Greeley Medical Center. Now, we will have a general brief overview of a hospital emergency room department’s planning and design. The group of hospital emergency room depart stakeholders include patients and their families, leadership in the ED, registered nurse (RN) and other staff, doctor of medicine (MD), and emergency medical services (EMS).

The participation of all stakeholders in an emergency room department  ED plan process is a key role in the success of any ED planning and designing process. In this slide, we see an emergency room depart  ED inter-functional diagram, which shows the relation between an emergency room depart  ED and the rest of the hospital departments.

As mentioned before, an analogy with human body systems and organs can help to understand the relationship between the different hospital departments. Based on the amount of exchange nutrients, oxygen, and waste, the position of each human body system and its corresponding organs is specified with respect to the cardiovascular system generally, and the heart more specifically.

Consequently, each human body system and organ has a unique fixed position. Similarly, the position of emergency department has a unique fixed position with respect to other hospital emergency room depart. These slide shows more information related to a typical inter-functional diagram for an emergency department. It shows hospital departments that should have a direct passageway with Emergency Room Department.

Also, it shows hospital departments, which could have either a direct passage with Emergency Room Department or indirect depending on the situation.

For example,

Urgent patients’ blood samples can be transferred directly from Emergency Room Depart into hospital laboratory using pneumatic tubing system. Thus, there is no need to have a direct passage and proximity between them. In case of inability to have a pneumatic tubing system, this can be replaced either with a direct passage between Emergency Room Department and the laboratory or having a satellite laboratory. In the

Relation Between The Different Emergency Spaces:

Entrance (Public and Ambulance), Decontamination Showers, Security Room, Waiting Area, Greeter Registrar (Reception), Triage, Fast Track,  Exam/Treatment Rooms, Trauma Rooms, Chest Pain/Observation, and Imaging Suite.

In an Emergency Room, A Universal Standard Trauma Room Size will be around 275 square feet.

Also, the annual expected number of patient visits to the trauma room will vary between 750 and 1000 patients per year.

In next,  we will start the talk about the spaces inside an emergency department.

Treatment Room

  • Treatment Room. A treatment room can be separated into three zones: Patient, Staff, and Family. A typical treatment room size is 160 square feet. In the past, patient waiting was aggravated because specialized treatment rooms, such as pediatric, suture, or obstetric/gynecology rooms, required all cases needing the same kind of procedure to wait until the corresponding room became available. Universal treatment rooms ease this problem because they are versatile. They can be used for any presenting problem as they are not restricted to specialized treatments.

Currently, the concept of a private universal standard spacious emergency treatment room with a minimum size of 160 square feet is the trend adopted in hospital planning and design. Such trend also eases the redesign and reconfiguration of the emergency department. In case of expansion, renovation, or implementation of new technology.

Universal emergency treatment rooms can be used for different applications: general or specialized examination, observation/chest pain, and treatment. The second emergency department space is the exam room, which has a similar structure for a treatment room. However, it’s smaller with a minimum of 130 square feet room size.

It can be a general exam room or a specialized one (e.g. ENT, eye…etc). In modern design, usually, universal treatment rooms are also used as exam rooms.

The fast track is an emergency area used to treat patients with low acuity. The fast track room size varies based on the configuration: either minimum of 80 square feet for an open bay, or a minimum of 120 square feet for an exam room, or 130 square feet for a universal fast track room. Low-acuity patients are most efficiently handled in a vertical treatment room. A vertical treatment room is a type of fast track room that allows for the patient to remain in an upright posture. It speeds up the processing of various patient types by treating and releasing non-urgent patients, or beginning treatment protocols on higher-acuity patients, requiring less space than a conventional Emergency Room.

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