Overview
Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.They are relatively non-toxic and well tolerated broad spectrum agents. Their excellent bioavailibilty permits their use for treatment of variety of serious bacterial infections. Antibiotics require constant drug level in body for therapeutic effect. This is achieved by taking the medication at regular interval of time throughout the day and night as prescribed. Ciprofloxacin (HCI) is important to take the drug for the full time period as prescribed. If you discontinue the therapy it may result in ineffective treatment.

Indications
Ciprofloxacin is primarily indicated in conditions like Acromegaly (short-term treatment before pituitary surgery), Chronic prostatitis, Gl infections, Gonorrhoea, Iron-deficiency anaemia prophylaxis or for mild iron deficiency, Iron-deficiency anaemia with chronic renal failure, Most other infections, Muscle relaxation (long duration) for surgery and intubation, Muscle relaxation for surgery or intubation, Osteomyelitis, Pseudomonal lower+RTl in cystic fibrosis, Respiratory tract infections, Sexually transmitted disease, Sexually transmitted infections, Skin infections, Skin structure infections, Status epilepticus (unlicensed use), Surgical prophylaxis, Urinary tract infection.

Contraindication
Ciprofloxacin is contraindicated in conditions like Epilepsy,Hypersensitivity.

Side Effects
The severe or irreversible adverse effects of

Ciprofloxacin, which give rise to further complications include Pseudomembranous colitis, Hearing loss, Seizures.Ciprofloxacin produces potentially life-threatening effects which include Anaphylactoid reactions, Stevens Johnson syndrome, Acute Renal Failure, Fluminant hepatic failure, Epidermal necrolysis. which are responsible for the discontinuation of Ciprofloxacin therapy.The symptomatic adverse reactions produced by Ciprofloxacin are more or less tolerable and if they become severe, they can be treated symptomatically, these include Dizziness, Headache, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Tachycardia, Nervousness,

Termors, Rashes, Urticaria, Pruritus, Photosensitivity,

Elevation of liver enzymes, Thrombocytopenia, Eosinophilia, Increased intracranial pressure, nervousness, joint symptoms, agranulocytosis.

Warnings
Ciprofloxacin should be used with caution in patients with known or suspected central nervous system (CNS) disorders, renal impairment or hepatic disease, with a history of Gl disease especially colitis or who have dehydration. Do not exceed the recommended dose. Take appropriate measures if secondary infections occur.

High Risk Groups
Drug should not be given to Paediatrics, Pregnant Mothers, Cardiac / Hypertensive Patients, patients suffering from Kidney dysfunction, patients suffering from Liver Malfunction, and Neonates.lf prescribing authority justifies the benefits of the drug against the possible damages he/she should reevaluate them and consult the reference material and previous studies.

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